修补源代码#
在这个例子中,我们将看到如何修补源代码。有时这是必要的,特别是当你为第三方库创建一个包时。如果你需要在构建系统脚本中,甚至是在库的源代码中应用一个安全补丁,可能需要补丁。
请首先克隆源代码以重新创建此项目。你可以在 GitHub 上的 examples2 存储库中找到它们:
git clone https://github.com/conan-io/examples2.git
cd examples/tools/files/patches
使用‘replace_in_file’进行修补#
修补文件最简单的方法是使用你的配方中的 replace_in_file
工具。它在文件中搜索指定的字符串,并用另一个字符串替换它。
在 source()
方法#
source()
方法对所有配置(不同的 conan 调用为不同的设置/选项)只调用一次,因此如果更改对所有配置都相同,你只应在 source()
方法中修补。
在 conanfile.py
中查看 source()
方法:
import os
from conan import ConanFile
from conan.tools.cmake import CMakeToolchain, CMake, cmake_layout
from conan.tools.files import get, replace_in_file
class helloRecipe(ConanFile):
name = "hello"
version = "1.0"
# Binary configuration
settings = "os", "compiler", "build_type", "arch"
options = {"shared": [True, False], "fPIC": [True, False]}
default_options = {"shared": False, "fPIC": True}
def source(self):
get(self, "https://github.com/conan-io/libhello/archive/refs/heads/main.zip", strip_root=True)
replace_in_file(self, os.path.join(self.source_folder, "src", "hello.cpp"), "Hello World", "Hello Friends!")
...
将 "Hello World" 字符串替换为“Hello Friends!”。可以运行 conan create .
并验证替换是否完成:
$ conan create .
...
-------- Testing the package: Running test() --------
hello/1.0: Hello Friends! Release!
...
在 build()
方法中#
在这种情况下,需要根据配置(self.settings
, self.options
…)应用不同的补丁,因此必须在 build()
方法中完成。修改配方以引入依赖于 self.options.shared
的变更:
class helloRecipe(ConanFile):
...
def source(self):
get(self, "https://github.com/conan-io/libhello/archive/refs/heads/main.zip", strip_root=True)
def build(self):
replace_in_file(self, os.path.join(self.source_folder, "src", "hello.cpp"),
"Hello World",
"Hello {} Friends!".format("Shared" if self.options.shared else "Static"))
cmake = CMake(self)
cmake.configure()
cmake.build()
...
如果用不同的 option.shared
调用 conan create
,可以检查输出:
$ conan create .
...
hello/1.0: Hello Static Friends! Release!
...
$ conan create . -o shared=True
...
hello/1.0: Hello Shared Friends! Debug!
...
使用“patch”工具进行补丁操作#
如果你有补丁文件(两个文件版本的差异),你可以使用 conan.tools.files.patch
工具来应用它。关于在哪里应用补丁( source()
或 build()
方法)的规则是相同的。
我们有补丁文件,其中再次更改消息以显示“Hello Patched World Release!”:
--- a/src/hello.cpp
+++ b/src/hello.cpp
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
void hello(){
#ifdef NDEBUG
- std::cout << "hello/1.0: Hello World Release!\n";
+ std::cout << "hello/1.0: Hello Patched World Release!\n";
#else
- std::cout << "hello/1.0: Hello World Debug!\n";
+ std::cout << "hello/1.0: Hello Patched World Debug!\n";
#endif
// ARCHITECTURES
将 conanfile.py
编辑为:
导入
patch
工具。将
exports_sources
添加到补丁文件中,以便在缓存中可以访问它。调用
patch
工具。
import os
from conan import ConanFile
from conan.tools.cmake import CMakeToolchain, CMake, cmake_layout
from conan.tools.files import get, replace_in_file, patch
class helloRecipe(ConanFile):
name = "hello"
version = "1.0"
# Binary configuration
settings = "os", "compiler", "build_type", "arch"
options = {"shared": [True, False], "fPIC": [True, False]}
default_options = {"shared": False, "fPIC": True}
exports_sources = "*.patch"
def source(self):
get(self, "https://github.com/conan-io/libhello/archive/refs/heads/main.zip", strip_root=True)
patch_file = os.path.join(self.export_sources_folder, "hello_patched.patch")
patch(self, patch_file=patch_file)
...
可以运行“conan create”并看到补丁生效了:
$ conan create .
...
-------- Testing the package: Running test() --------
hello/1.0: Hello Patched World Release!
...
也可以使用教程中介绍的 conandata.yml
,这样可以为每个版本声明要应用的补丁:
patches:
"1.0":
- patch_file: "hello_patched.patch"
在 source()
方法中引入的变更如下:
def source(self):
get(self, "https://github.com/conan-io/libhello/archive/refs/heads/main.zip", strip_root=True)
patches = self.conan_data["patches"][self.version]
for p in patches:
patch_file = os.path.join(self.export_sources_folder, p["patch_file"])
patch(self, patch_file=patch_file)
如果运行 conan create
,补丁也会被应用:
$ conan create .
...
-------- Testing the package: Running test() --------
hello/1.0: Hello Patched World Release!
...
使用“apply_conandata_patches”工具进行补丁操作#
上面的例子可以工作,但它有点复杂。如果你遵循相同的 yml 结构(查看 apply_conandata_patches
以查看完整的支持的 yml),你只需要调用 apply_conandata_patches
:
from conan import ConanFile
from conan.tools.cmake import CMakeToolchain, CMake, cmake_layout
from conan.tools.files import get, apply_conandata_patches
class helloRecipe(ConanFile):
name = "hello"
version = "1.0"
...
def source(self):
get(self, "https://github.com/conan-io/libhello/archive/refs/heads/main.zip", strip_root=True)
apply_conandata_patches(self)
检查补丁是否也已应用:
$ conan create .
...
-------- Testing the package: Running test() --------
hello/1.0: Hello Patched World Release!
...